37 mental health experts sign a letter warning of Trump's 'grave emotional instability'

37 psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers said in a joint letter published in the New York Times on Monday that President Donald Trump is unfit to be president.

"We believe that the grave emotional instability indicated by Mr. Trump's speech and actions makes him incapable of serving safely as president," the letter reads.

Here's how they explain their reasoning:

Mr. Trump's speech and actions demonstrate an inability to tolerate views different from his own, leading to rage reactions. His words and behavior suggest a profound inability to empathize. Individuals with these traits distort reality to suit their psychological state, attacking facts and those who convey them (journalists, scientists).

As the mental health experts acknowledge in the letter, it's unusual for people in their position to take a position on the well-being of a public figure.

In 1973 ,the American Psychiatric Association (APA) banned members from speculating about the mental health of people they have not personally examined. Termed the "Goldwater Rule," the APA adopted it in part to respond to some psychiatrists who had made some ill-advised statements about 1964 Republican presidential candidate Barry Goldwater.

Many researchers argue though that the Goldwater Rule is based on an old paradigm of how to evaluate someone's mental health.

Speaking to Business Insider for a separate story before the election, the personality psychologists Brent Roberts and Scott Lilienfield (neither of whom signed the New York Times letter) explained that in their field, secondary reports and descriptions of a person's behavior can be more valuable than any direct examination.

Other major psychological associations haven't adopted their own versions of the Goldwater Rule, which covers psychiatrists.

The 37 experts who signed the letter write that psychiatry's self-imposed silence was keeping them from sharing their expertise with journalists and members of Congress.

"We fear that too much is at stake to be silent any longer," the letter reads.

Here's the full list of psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers who signed the letter:

Lance Dodes, M.D.

Joseph Schachter, M.D., Ph.D.

Susan Radant, Ph.D.

Judith Schachter, M.D.

Jules Kerman, M.D., Ph.D

Jeffrey Seitelman, M.D., Ph.D.

Henry Friedman, M.D.

Babak Roshanaei-Moghaddam, MD

David Cooper, Ph.D.

Dena Sorbo, LCSW, BCD

Joseph Reppen, Ph.D.

Ernest Wallwork, Ph.D.

Judith E. Vida, M.D.

Richard Reichbart, J.D., Ph.D.

Joseph Abrahams, M.D.

Leslie Schweitzer-Miller, M.D.

Cheryl Y. Goodrich, Ph.D.

Lourdes Henares-Levy, M.D.

Alexandra Rolde, M.D.

Dr. med. Helen Schoenhals Hart

Eva D. Papiasvili, Ph.D.

Mali Mann, M.D.

Phyllis Tyson, Ph.D.

Era A. Loewenstein, Ph.D.

Marianna Adler, Ph.D.

Henry Nunberg, M.D.

Marc R. Hirsch, Ph.D.

Lora Heims Tessman, Ph.D.

Monisha Nayar-Akhtar, Ph.D.

Victoria Schreiber, M.A., L.M.S.W.

Penny M Freedman, Ph.D.

Merton A. Shill, JD. LLM., PhD.

Helen K. Gediman, Ph.D.

Michael P. Kowitt, Ph.D.

Leonard Glass, M.D.