Here are Wall Street's winners and losers from the market carnage

There was an insane amount of volatility in the markets last week.

The Dow lost more than 500 points on Monday, closing at 15,871.35, while the S&P 500 officially tipped into "correction" territory.

By Friday's closing bell, the Dow was back up to 16,643 and oil prices had climbed 20% in just two days from a new post-crisis low hit earlier in the week.

So what did all of that mean for the banks and Wall Street firms?

In an August 28 note, Goldman Sachs' equity research team rated a handful of institutions based on whether events over the previous week represented good or bad news.

The heat map, below, indicates each firm's "relative directional revenue trend" within the capital markets and exchanges sector. Red means "worst" and green means "best."

One notable winner last week was the Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE), American's largest options exchange, which tends to benefit from heightened volatility with increased activity.

The CBOE is home to the VIX index, which uses option prices to gauge expectations of volatility. The VIX is often described as the 'fear index'.

Retail brokerages TD Ameritrade (AMTD), E*Trade (ETFC), and Charles Schwab (SCHW) were all winners last week. That is likely because of increased trading activity, with the average daily volume of US share trading hitting the highest level since 2012 last week.

Boutique investment banks Lazard (LAZ) and Moelis & Co (MC) were in the red, with Evercore (EVR) given a neutral rating.

That could be due to expectations that the recent volatility will slow the M&A market.

Investment bank Greenhill & Co. (GHL), in contrast, was in green.