The Brazilian billionaire who bought Heinz and Burger King is trying to strike a ~$250 billion deal
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Feb 17, 2017, 21:45 IST
Lemann was born in Rio de Janeiro in 1939. His father was a Swiss businessman who immigrated to Brazil in the 1920s. His family had been Swiss cheese merchants for over 300 years.
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At 17, he left Brazil to attend Harvard, earning his bachelor's degree in economics in 1961. At first, he didn't like it there and didn't do well — he loved the beaches of Brazil. But his mother stopped him from leaving Harvard to become a surfer or a tennis player.
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Harvard even recommended that he take a yearlong break from school because he wasn't mature enough. Instead, Lemann finished school in three years by interviewing students, professors, and looking at old tests before choosing a class. He was 20 when he graduated.
After Harvard, Lemann worked as a journalist at Brazil's third-oldest paper, Jornal do Brasil, though apparently he wasn't great at journalism. He then trained at Credit Suisse in Switzerland.
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Lemann was Brazil's national tennis champion five times. He represented Brazil and Switzerland (he has dual citizenship) in the Davis Cup. He also made it to Wimbledon.
In 1971, 32-year-old Lemann bought an insignificant brokerage called Banco de Investimentos Garantía SA for $800,000. By the 1980s, it was the place young people wanted to work.
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In 1989, Lemann and company acquired the beer company Cia Cervejaria Brahma for $50 million, foreshadowing things to come.
In 1993, he and his partners created the buyout firm GP Investimentos and started buying and selling companies. Along the way, he built Garantía into a powerhouse, eventually selling it for $675 million in 1998 to Credit Suisse First Boston after a huge loss from the 1997 Asian financial crisis.
But then Lemann really blew up. He was nominated to the board of Gillette, where he met Warren Buffett.
Lemann is super private about his personal life, but we do know he moved to Switzerland in 1999 because there was an attempt to kidnap his three children in Rio — 20 shots were fired.
That same year, the "Three Musketeers" created AmBev from Brahma and another Brazilian beer maker, Antarctica, for the purpose of international expansion.
All the while, GP Investimentos was growing into what would be the biggest listed private equity firm in Latin America.
AmBev is now in control of 80% of Paraguay's and 55% of Uruguay's beer market. The company also announced plans to build a $38 million brewery in Peru. In 2014, the company also bought back South Korea's Oriental Brewing Co. for $5.8 billion — which meant they also got 60% of that market.
They also control 15.6% of China's beer market — having bought Fujian Sedrin Brewery in 2006.
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In later years, it would acquire Argentina's top selling beer, Quilmes, for $600 million, dominating 70% of Argentina's market.
In 2004, AmBev merged with the Belgian brewer InterBrew for $11 billion, and became known as InBev. Lemann and his partners founded a New York City-based firm, 3G Capital, in the same year.
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In 2008, the beer conglomerate merged with American brewer Anheuser Busch for $52 billion — becoming Anheuser-Busch InBev.
In 2010, they bought Burger King for $3.3 billion.
Sidenote: You can thank Lemann for getting rid of that creepy Burger King king: He fired the ad firm that came up with it.
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The Burger King deal was a huge success. In two years they sold 29% of the company to hedge fund manager Bill Ackman's UK investment vehicle, Justice Holdings.
And Lemann kept on going. In 2012, he bought up the makers of Corona, Grupo Modelo, for $20 billion. That was only possible after an antitrust settlement in the US.
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It set the stage for Lemann's 2013 deal with Warren Buffett — buying Heinz. The $28 billion deal came together in six weeks.
And then, in 2014, Burger King struck a deal with Tim Hortons, with the combined company becoming Restaurant Brands International.
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But the talk of the street had been AB InBev potentially acquiring SABMiller, the world's second-largest brewer by revenue.
SABMiller had also been expanding in the time AB InBev became a giant — in 2011, it bought Australia's largest brewer, Fosters Group, for $13 billion. In 2014, it tried and failed to buy out Heineken.
The merger puts the combined SABMiller and AB InBev in control of more than half of the world's beer market by profit.
The red areas show countries where AB InBev dominates; orange-colored areas are where the two brewing giants share the market, and yellow represents areas of SABMiller dominance. The post-merger company will produce one-third of the world's beer.
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Now Kraft Heinz is going after Unilever.
Unilever has a market capitalisation of around £112 billion ($139 billion), while Kraft Heinz is worth around £85 billion ($106 billion) at the most recent estimate. That puts the value of a combined company at close to $250 billion.
But don't be surprised if Kraft Heinz returns to the table with an improved offer. Morgan Stanley analysts said last year that Kraft Heinz could strike a huge deal in 2017.
"Similar to 3G's approach in other industries such as beer, we regard its early food acquisitions as only initial steps to a long-term consolidation strategy," the note said.