It's impossible to know exactly how these smartphone cameras compare without actually using them alongside one another. But there are a few key differences worth noting based on their specifications.
The Galaxy S10e includes two camera lenses — a 12-megapixel wide-angle lens and a 16-megapixel ultra-wide lens — while the iPhone XR only features one 12-megapixel wide-angle lens.
Apple's smartphone, however, does leverage the neural engine in the iPhone's processor to offer features like Portrait Mode and improved HDR, despite having one camera lens. The Galaxy S10e also uses neural processing to optimize camera settings depending on the scene.
One benefit the Galaxy S10e's camera poses over the iPhone's is a closer zoom: Samsung's phone offers an 8x digital zoom, while the iPhone XR's supports up to 5x.
When it comes to the phones' front-facing camera, the Galaxy S10e offers a 10-megapixel sensor while the iPhone XR features a 7-megapixel sensor.