Why do you need to pee more when it gets cold?

If you live in Bengaluru, you’re probably huddled up in a cosy blanket right about now, armed with a cup of hot cocoa in one hand and the TV remote on the other. And then, a maddeningly familiar shiver runs through you — the same shiver that has frustrated you several times in the past few hours: you need to pee, and quick!

While it's a topic many prefer to avoid, cold-weather-induced urination is a phenomenon that most people will experience at some point in their lives. The underlying reason? A curious process known as cold diuresis.

Nature's heat preservation mechanism

There are many reasons that can contribute to excessive urination in cold weather. For instance, when temperatures drop, your body goes into survival mode to prevent hypothermia. One of the primary methods it uses to keep you warm is constricting your blood vessels, which reduces blood flow to your skin and conserves heat around your vital organs.

This vascular constriction leads to an increase in blood pressure since the same amount of blood is now circulating through a smaller space. In response, your kidneys kick into high gear to filter out excess fluid from your blood to reduce this pressure. The end result is more trips to the bathroom.

Further, cold weather can cause muscles to tense up, including those in the pelvic floor. This extra pressure on the bladder can increase the need to urinate. In winter, we sweat less and often drink less water. The reduced sweat means more fluid needs to be processed through the kidneys, leading to a fuller bladder.

Furthermore, dry winter air can lead to dehydration, increasing the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs), which can also cause frequent urination. Many studies have shown a UTI spike during the winter season.

Relax, it’s not that serious (mostly)

Interestingly, there's no definitive research pinpointing the exact temperatures or conditions that trigger cold diuresis. However, scientists agree that it is not typically a sign of a serious condition. If you're among those who feel the need to pee more when it's chilly, you can usually chalk it up to your body's natural response to the cold.

For some, the increased urge to urinate in cold weather can indicate a condition called overactive bladder (OAB). OAB is characterised by a frequent need to urinate and can be exacerbated by cold weather. Symptoms include increased trips to the bathroom, feeling like your bladder fills up more quickly, a sudden, uncontrollable urge to pee, frequent nighttime urination, and occasional leaks due to strong urges.

Here’s what you can do about it

Since cold diuresis is a signal that your body is trying to ward off hypothermia, bundling up is essential. Wear layers and protect your extremities. Hydration is also important. Even though you might not feel as thirsty in the cold, it’s essential to drink water to compensate for the increased urination.

A few extra bathroom trips are normal, but if you find it excessive or accompanied by discomfort, consult a healthcare provider to rule out conditions like OAB. For those with OAB, using incontinence products like bladder pads can prevent leaks and accidents, making it easier to enjoy winter activities.