If you have ever scoured <keyword id="-1109" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="job-listings" source="Orion">job listings</keyword> on platforms like LinkedIn, you have surely come across posts seeking “ambitious and self-reliant” candidates who can “think outside the box” and “develop creative solutions”. While these buzzwords sound appealing, they may actually attract the wrong kind of candidates—those that display narcissistic tendencies and are more likely to bend the rules than follow them! A forthcoming study in Management Science, available on the SSRN server, has found that such enticing keywords signify that firms are searching for “rule benders” rather than “rule followers”. Ultimately, this language ends up disproportionately attracting narcissistic applicants, who are more prone to unethical or fraudulent behaviour. For this study, Nick Seybert, Associate Professor of Accounting at UMD's Robert H. Smith School of Business, along with co-authors Scott Jackson from the University of South Carolina and Jonathan Gay from the University of Mississippi, zeroed in on the accounting field. They chose this sector because narcissists and rule benders in this area can have an immediate and damaging impact. The study involved testing online participants (college graduates recruited via a research crowdsourcing platform) for narcissism levels and their attraction to rule-bender terms in <keyword id="22374125" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="job-descriptions" source="keywords">job descriptions</keyword>. A similar study was conducted with experienced accounting managers, and factors influencing professional <keyword id="22374122" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="recruiters-language-choices" source="keywords">recruiters' language choices</keyword> were also examined. The findings revealed that narcissists are more drawn to <keyword id="22374121" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="rule-bender-language" source="keywords">rule-bender language</keyword> in <keyword id="21494790" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="job-postings" source="keywords">job postings</keyword>, both for general positions and specifically for accounting roles. Seybert explains that even before a single job seeker clicks 'apply,' the language in a job posting can be too tempting for narcissists to ignore, increasing the likelihood of attracting unethical candidates. While recruiters often consume advice on how to avoid hiring narcissists, they unwittingly attract them by using such language in job postings, Seybert notes. Furthermore, the intent behind the recruiters’ language choice can be irrelevant—such job descriptions can even unintentionally attract rule-bending narcissists to firms. Additionally, the research shows that <keyword id="22374126" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="professional-recruiters" source="keywords">professional recruiters</keyword> are more likely to use such rule-bender language in job postings for innovative, high-growth companies, as well as firms that might benefit from manipulating their earnings. The key takeaway is that 'rule-bender' language can slip into job postings both intentionally and unintentionally, resulting in a much larger percentage of <keyword id="22374120" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="narcissistic-candidates" source="keywords">narcissistic candidates</keyword> in the applicant pool, Seybert concludes. The findings were recently published on SSRN and can be accessed <a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4866862">here</a>.

Hiring “self-reliant” candidates who “think outside the box”? Beware, your job post might be attracting rule-bending narcissists!

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Donald Trump has attacked the civil fraud case against him as political.</li><li>He showed up to court Monday with his 2024 campaign staffers in tow.</li></ul>Former President — and 2024 Republican presidential frontrunner — Donald Trump has long complained that the legal cases against him are political.The New York Attorney General's $250 million civil fraud trial that began Monday morning, he says, is a "witch hunt."Showing up to court in lower Manhattan, Trump sought to make the case appear as political as possible.Speaking to journalists outside the courtroom,<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-says-judge-fraud-trial-is-getting-away-with-murder-2023-10"> Trump attacked not only New York Attorney General Letitia James</a>, an elected Democrat, but <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/who-is-trump-fraud-case-judge-arthur-engoron-bio-2023-10">Supreme Court Justice Arthur Engoron</a>, who's presiding over the case."This guy's a highly partisan person and we can't let this stuff happen," Trump said. "This is a judge that should be disbarred, this is a judge that should be out of office. This is a judge that some people say could be charged criminally for what he's doing. He's interfering with an election."Trump's campaign sent emails and text messages asking supporters for donations. There, he also called the proceedings a "SHAM trial" and a form of "Election Interference.""Democrats have forced me to stand trial in a frivolous lawsuit rather than be on the campaign trail," he said.Trump appears to want to keep the case political, rather than leave it to his lawyers to argue the legal merits of the attorney general's case.He entered the courtroom surrounded by not just his lawyers, but his political staff. His spokesperson Steven Cheung and advisor Jason Miller sat to the side, watching opening statements.One of Trump's lawyers, Alina Habba, lambasted New York Attorney General Letitia James, an elected Democrat. In her opening statement, Habba said James could have brought the case years earlier, and that she ultimately brought the lawsuit for political reasons. James, she pointed out, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/letitia-james-trump-organization-investigation-record-2021-11">ran for office partially on her record of going after the Trump family</a>.The attorney general's lawsuit alleges that Trump, Eric Trump, Donald Trump Jr., and two other Trump Organization executives are liable for fraud for misrepresenting the values of the company's property in financial statements submitted to banks for loans. They're seeking to disgorge the company of its allegedly ill-gotten profits, ban the group from running a company in New York ever again, and have the judge issue $250 million in penalties.<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-key-cases-civil-criminal-investigations-lawsuits-updates-2022-7">Trump has had a lot of court dates this year</a>. With four criminal cases and other civil litigation on the docket, he has many more coming up, giving him ample opportunities to use courthouses as rally sites while court officers handle the security.<div type="image" title="alina habba" height="3744" width="5616" msid="104113973" hostid="261"></div>Kevin C. Wallace, a lawyer at the attorney general's office, showed <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-trial-ag-shows-previously-unseen-deposition-that-showed-family-deny-fraud-2023-10">deposition videos where Trump and his children shirked responsibility for those financial statements</a>. He said the videos demonstrated they were acting with intent to defraud banks.Habba, in response, said the snippets of video misrepresented her clients and were further evidence of the plaintiff's political motivations."I wasn't planning to speak today until I saw the attorney general speak outside and until Mr. Wallace's presentation," Habba said.In her own statement on the courthouse steps, before the trial began, James said Trump should not be exempt from New York state's financial laws just because he was a former president."No matter how rich or powerful you are, there are not two sets of laws for people in this country," she said. "The rule of law must apply equally to everyone, and it is my responsibility to make sure that it does."<h2>Trump's campaign aides didn't return to court after lunch</h2>Cheung and Miller sat on the side of the courtroom gallery, watching the fireworks. But at other times, they appeared bored and distracted. Engoron generally forbade cellphones from the room, and the two Trump campaign staffers appeared fidgety. Cheung, at some points, seemed to close his eyes.This is far from the first time Trump and his attorneys have claimed that the cases against him are politically motivated. But <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/judges-slam-donald-trump-and-his-lawyers-for-political-litigation-2023-1">judges have often found the opposite</a>: That he has filed lawsuits for improperly political purposes.Earlier this year, a federal judge in Florida tossed one of Trump's lawsuits against the Democratic National Committee, Hillary Clinton, former FBI director James Comey, and a smattering of other people and entities that Trump harbors grudges against. The lawsuit, US District Judge Donald M. Middlebrooks, wrote, was part of a "pattern of misusing the courts to serve political purposes.""This case should never have been brought," he wrote. "Its inadequacy as a legal claim was evident from the start. No reasonable lawyer would have filed it. Intended for a political purpose, none of the counts of the amended complaint stated a cognizable legal claim."<div type="image" title="Letitia James Trump civil trial court" height="1666" width="2500" msid="104113974" hostid="261"></div>Middlebrooks <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-lawyers-sanctioned-by-courts-election-lawsuits-2022-12">sanctioned Trump and his lawyers in that case</a>. When they asked him to reconsider, <a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/JayShams/status/1703795105713246711">he refused</a>. Middlebrooks <a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/JayShams/status/1703795613287010717">wrote in a ruling last month</a> that Trump has continued to try to use the courts for political purposes, often carrying over language from his rallies and using the cases to raise money for his political action committees. (Trump has used funds from those PACs to pay his lawyers.)"Mr. Trump is a prolific and sophisticated litigant who is repeatedly using the courts to seek revenge on political adversaries," Middlebrooks wrote. "This case is straight out of that playbook."Trump returned to the courtroom after a lunch break. He had told another judge in Florida that he would attend the trial this week, which enabled him to evade — for now — a deposition in a civil lawsuit against Michael Cohen, his former personal lawyer and ex-Trump Organization executive.The excitement, at that point, was largely over.The first witness in the case was called to the stand: Donald Bender, a now-retired accountant who helped prepare the Trump Organization's financial statements. He talked about the minutiae of New York accounting practices.Cheung and Miller didn't return to the courtroom.

Trump is turning his $250 million fraud trial into a presidential campaign event 

<div class="KonaFilter image-container"><div class="image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/5376469aeab8eaef5994e4f7-1200-858/rtr3p3di.jpg?maxX=800" border="0" alt="RTR3P3DI" width="800" />Osman Orsal/ReutersTurkey's Prime Minister Tayyip Erdogan (front L) talks with relatives of miners who were killed or injured in a mine explosion, during his visit to Soma on May 14, 2014.</div></div>It <a href="http://www.france24.com/en/20140515-car-bomb-syria-border-bab-salama-turkey-isil/">hasn't been an easy week</a> for Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan, and now he's been accused of engaging in baldly thuggish behavior.
In a video published by left-wing Turkish media, a man who appears to be Erdogan lashes out at protestors in Soma, site of a mine disaster that's killed upwards of 270 people, calling for his resignation. At 1:54, a man begins muttering something, before Erdogan lunges at a member of the crowd:
<iframe width="560" height="375" frameborder="0" src="//player.vimeo.com/video/95423275"></iframe>
The audio is muffled. And although this video appears to show the man in charge of the world's 18th-largest economy getting hostile with a group of protestors, both the target and intent of the statements at the end of the video are far from obvious. Some experts <a href="https://www.facebook.com/claire.berlinski/posts/10152501728668060">believe</a> the voice to be Erdogan's, but there's little way of knowing for sure that the voice belongs to him. 
Not much about the video is clear, but one <a href="http://sozcu.com.tr/2014/gundem/erdogan-iste-boyle-dovdu-510209/">transcription</a> of his statement is "Niye kaciyorsun ulan Israil dolu?" According to two Turkish-language experts Business Insider consulted, this roughly translates to "Why are you running, you Israeli offspring?" or "Hey buddy, why are you running, Israeli scum!" (The sentence has some vulgarities that are not easily translated into English.)
Merve Tahiroglu of the <a href="http://www.defenddemocracy.org/">Foundation for Defense of Democracie</a>s stresses that it's not clear whether Erdogan spoke the words on the tape, or even what's being said. But she walked Business Insider through some of the less translatable portions of the tape.
"Dolu could mean offspring, sperm, or seed. I would not translate it as 'son' because 'dol' is a far more vulgar word," she said. 
"Ulan" is similarly edgy language. 
"It's a colloquial and culture-specific term," with no English equivalent, Tahiroglu said. "The best way to explain it would be to say it's a term men use to address each other when they are in an argument or fight." 
The fact that it proceeds "Israeli offspring" indicates that that term is being used in a specifically derogatory context, she said. 
Less ambiguous is the video below, translated by Business Insider Turkish linguist and <keyword id="6354810" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="Defense">defense</keyword> reporter Jeremy Bender. 
<iframe width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/KpyQe2uS6a8"></iframe>
"If you boo the country's Prime Minister, you get a slap!" Erdogan informs one a protester. It turns out he wasn't kidding.
The recent Erdogan video comes at a rough time. Earlier this week, a car bomb <a href="http://www.france24.com/en/20140515-car-bomb-syria-border-bab-salama-turkey-isil/">exploded</a> on the Syrian-Turkish border, killing over 40 people and highlighting Turkey's ongoing vulnerability to events next door. 
And in the west of the country, the death of over 270 people in a <a href="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-05-13/turkey-says-20-miners-dead-hundreds-trapped-after-fire.html">coal mine disaster</a> in the town of Soma has rekindled protests against Erdogan's increasingly authoritarian rule, which began with the Gezi Park demonstrations in May of 2013.

Watch Turkey's Prime Minister Apparently Going Ballistic On Protestors

<div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right" style="width:400px"><div class="image on-image"><img src="http://static6.businessinsider.com/image/52ab65fa6da811326d3a73c3-640-480/mangareva.jpg?maxX=400" border="0" alt="Mangareva Island" width="400" /><a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mangareva.jpg">Wikimedia Commons</a>Mangareva Island</div></div>Binary, or base two, is the number system that computer systems use, as opposed to the decimal, or base ten, system used in our day-to-day lives.
Binary is generally associated with high technology and modern mathematics.
However, in a new paper <a href="http://www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1309160110" target="_blank">published Dec. 15 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,</a> psychologists Andrea Bender and Sieghard Beller discuss how centuries ago, a Polynesian culture on the small island of Mangareva developed a binary system to facilitate counting and calculations.
Mangareva is located in French Polynesia, about 1,000 miles southeast of Tahiti. Humans settled the island in three main waves - two waves of Polynesian settlement between 500 and 800 CE and between 1150 and 1450 CE, and a third wave after European colonization in the 19th century.
Mangarevan society, like many Polynesian societies, was based around a strict hierarchy of chiefs and peasants. The economy was built around trade, tributes, and feasts - peasants would offer the chief tributes of staple food products, particularly turtles, fish, coconuts, octopuses, and breadfruit, and these goods would be redistributed by the chief at large feasts.
This economic organization made counting very important in Mangareva and other similar Polynesian cultures - keeping track of trade, tribute, and feast goods was essential to the system, and must have been quite difficult in the absence of written notation.
All Polynesian cultures, including the Mangarevans, had a general counting system for day-to-day affairs. This system was a decimal system, based on powers of ten, similar to our own.
However, for those important tribute goods - turtles, fish, coconuts, octopuses, and breadfruit - the Mangarevans developed a special counting system, based partially on binary. This system was recorded by the French missionaries who came to the island in the 19th century, and the paper's authors note some of the missionaries' ironic role in both recording, and, by introducing literacy and Arabic numerals, leading to the extinction of this unique system. 
The authors relied on the missionaries' reports, anthropological inference, and an abstract analysis of the system, to get an idea of how it worked and how it was used.
The special counting system is a hybrid of a decimal system and a binary system. Decimal systems like the one we use are based on powers of ten - we have ten digits (0, 1, 2, ..., 9) and we count higher numbers by using digit multiples of powers of ten - 234 is two hundreds, plus three tens, plus four ones.
Binary systems like those used by computers are based on powers of two. There are only two digits - 1 and 0, and place-value is based on the powers of two: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and so on. Counting in binary, we start with 1, and then two is 10: 2 + 0. Three is 11: 2 + 1. Four is a power of two, and is written 100: 4 + 0 + 0. Five is 101: 4 + 0 + 1.
The Mangarevan system combined the decimal and binary systems in a unique way. Small numbers - one through nine - are represented by their normal digit words. But, for medium size numbers, the system switches over to binary. The Mangarevans had special words for 10, 20, 40, and 80 - the first few powers of two, multiplied by ten. For larger numbers, the system switched back to decimal, taking decimal multiples of eighty.
So, a number like 112 would be represented as the Mangarevan language equivalent of "eighty twenty ten two": 112 = 80 + 20 + 10 + 2. Another example: 361 would be "four eighties, forty, one": 361 = 4 x 80 + 40 + 1.
The big advantage of this hybrid system is that much of arithmetic becomes much easier, especially in a culture without writing. Addition in a decimal system has a pretty large number of rules that we have to just memorize to be able to efficiently add. For example, 5 + 6 = 11 is something that gets drilled into most schoolchildren, as it is pretty clearly impractical to start at 5 and count one at a time up 6 more every time we want to add these two numbers.
In the Mangarevan system, addition in the decimal parts works just like this.
But, when adding in the binary part of the Mangarevan system, there are only two basic addition rules. If a power of two number is added to itself, you get the next power of two number up: twenty plus twenty equals forty. If a power of two number is added to a different power of two number, just include both in the sum: twenty plus ten is just "twenty ten".
This makes addition very straightforward in the Mangarevan system, a very useful property for counting up amounts of tribute goods. 
The Mangarevan system is impressive, since it shows how different cultures can develop diverse number systems based on their needs. The human mind, and the human capacity for numeracy, is an incredibly creative and flexible thing.

You Searched For "rule bender language" and got 4 results

Hiring “self-reliant” candidates who “think outside the box”? Beware, your job post might be attracting rule-bending narcissists!

Kunal Kambli

Trump is turning his $250 million fraud trial into a presidential campaign event

Jacob Shamsian

Watch Turkey's Prime Minister Apparently Going Ballistic On Protestors

Armin Rosen

An Ancient Polynesian Culture Used A Completely Unique Binary Counting System

Andy Kiersz