The patron badges are typically available on the secondary market through ticket brokers or hospitality groups offering Masters packages. Sellers often put them up for sale daily, but that typically requires a sizeable deposit, and they must return the badge at the end of the day.
On various secondary ticket markets, badges for the 2022 tournament are going for a minimum of $1,500 for the opening round and $5,000 for all four days. Those numbers will likely go up if Tiger Woods does indeed play.