<ul><li>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) just launched 14 satellites into space in 27 minutes.</li><li>This includes the Cartosat-3 satellite, which will add to India’s earth observation capabilities.</li><li>The massive 44.4-meter tall rocket with a lift-off mass of 321 tonnes, took off from the Second Launch Pad at the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota at 9:28 am.</li></ul>India just launched its new earth observation satellite, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/heres-whats-special-about-indias-cartosat-3-launch-tomorrow/articleshow/72235988.cms">Cartosat-3</a>, and 13 US satellites into Earth’s orbit in just under 27 minutes. “Cartosat-3 is the Highest resolution civilian Indian spacecraft. It is also the most complex and advanced earth observation satellite that ISRO has built so far,” said ISRO chairman K Sivan after the launch. The Indian Space Research Organisation (<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/heres-whats-special-about-indias-cartosat-3-launch-tomorrow/articleshow/72235988.cms">ISRO</a>) assembled the PSLV-C47 rocket in 5 segments, each weighing 45 to 50 tonnes, before catapulting it into space from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota. The massive 44.4-meter tall rocket with a lift-off mass of 321 tonnes, heaved took from the Second Launch Pad at 9:28 am. At lift-off time, the weather was a little cloudy, wind speeds benign indicating good conditions for the launch, according to the ISRO announcer. The launch The first stage of the launch was initiated as the first of the four engines, PS 1, was ignited. At 37 kilometers of altitude, the four groundless rockets burnt out in 92 seconds and separated from the main vehicle. After 113.2 seconds, the second stage of the launch was initiated at 115 kilometers. At 161.1 seconds the launch vehicle entered closed-loop guidance, which means that the vehicle was now deciding its future functions by comparing its current location to the target conditions. At 267 seconds, the third stage was initiated and lasted 229 seconds. Before moving onto the fourth stage, the launch vehicle was given a coasting period of 115 seconds to achieve optimal ignition conditions. At 17 minutes, the fourth stage was shut off and the mission director announced optimal orbital conditions were met. A few seconds later, ISRO separated the Cartosat-3 satellite separated from the launch vehicle. Following which the MESHBED was launched into orbit. All of the satellites needed to be placed in similar but different orbits. So a gap of around 3 minutes was given to ensure that they don’t enter the same orbit at the Cartosat-3 or fourth stage of the launch vehicle. More about the payloads The third generation of Cartosat satellites, the Cartosat-3, is the ninth overall in the Carosat series. It weighs 1,625 kilograms and can click detailed images of up to 0.25 meters in resolution. "The realisation of Carosat-3 has witnessed a totally new development in the advanced technological area across the board, in all the domains -- right from the payload, the communications, the optical system, the sensors, and so on," said P. Kunhikrishnan, Direction of URSC after the successful launch. He added that the satellite is capable of very high data throughput. It is able to relay information back to Earth at speeds of 2.88 gigabits per second, a considerable improvement over its predecessor which only communicated at 6.40 megabits per second. The satellite also has terabits of solid state memory on-board. Cartosat-3 serves a dual purpose. It can monitor land usage for urban planning, rural resources, and the weather — but it can also help surveil India’s borders. In the past, area of interest (AOI) images from the Cartosat-2C satellite were used to track terrorist threats along the line of control (LoC). Twelve of the US satellites are earth observation FLOCK-4P nanosatellites and one is a MESHBED to test communications. These commercial satellites are being launched under an arrangement with New Space India Ltd (NSIL), the commercial arm of ISRO. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-space-station-plan-by-isro-plans-k-sivan/articleshow/69775780.cms" style="">India wants to set up its own space station to carry out experiments in microgravity</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-plans-deep-sea-exploration-with-manned-submersible-by-2022/articleshow/71887408.cms" style="">After reaching the moon, ISRO plans to dive 6,000 meters deep into the sea by 2022</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isros-chandrayaan-2-gets-international-support-from-nasa-and-uae-space-agency/articleshow/71031546.cms" style="">International support pours in for ISRO after losing contact with lunar lander</a>

ISRO launches Cartosat-3 and 13 US satellites within 27 minutes

<ul><li>The GISAT-1 is India’s first geo imaging satellite.</li><li>It will be placed in geostationary orbit 36,000 above the Earth putting it out of range of most anti-satellite weapons.</li><li>Its geostationary position will also allow the GISAT-1 to send back real-time images of Indian terrain and borders around the clock.</li></ul>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is gearing up to launch its very <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-gisat-1-launch-date-features-and-cameras/articleshow/74311928.cms">first geo imaging satellite</a> GISAT-1 into orbit on March 5. The primary objective of the satellite is to help India monitor natural hazards. However, the GISAT-1 also serves a defensive purpose in a world where outer space, especially Earth’s orbit, is getting more competitive and gaining strategic importance. It’s a necessary requirement even as some experts believe that it may not be sufficient to meet the defence requirements for India’s national security, according to <a href="https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/gisat-1-is-important-but-india-also-needs-small-satellites-for-national-security-61870/">ORF</a>. Most satellites are placed in Low Earth Orbit — a height at which they can be knocked out by most anti-satellite weapons. Even though only four countries have demonstrated their anti-satellite capabilities, many more have untested systems in-store. The GISAT-1 undercuts the risk of being blasted out of the sky since it goes above Low Earth Orbit to a height of 36,000 kilometres above the Earth’s surface, putting it out of range of known anti-satellite weapons. Real-time surveillance The GISAT-1 will also provide real-time images of the Indian terrain and its borders. Even though it can’t see through cloud cover, it will be India’s first satellite with the capability to scan the entire country every 30 minutes — day and night. Normal remote sensing satellites in Low Earth Orbit need at least two to 24 days to send back high-resolution images of a particular area. This is because they’re locked a polar orbit. They need to complete a full orbit around the Earth in order to observe the same spot — and that takes time. The GISAT-1 won’t have to face the same problem since it will be placed in a geostationary orbit around the Earth. This means that as the planet rotates, the satellite follows. At night, when there won’t be any light from the Sun, the satellite has infrared night vision and thermal imaging to see what’s happening on the ground. The satellite has five multispectral cameras that are capable of scanning the entire country every 30 minutes at a spatial resolution of 50 meters. However, if a specific area has been selected, the satellite can general a field image as frequently as every five minutes. This means that if a specific area along the border is being infiltrated, the GISAT-1 will be able to send back images of enemy lines with near real-time accuracy. An <a href="https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/gisat-1-is-important-but-india-also-needs-small-satellites-for-national-security-61870/">ORF</a> report points out that while GISAT-type satellites are key, India could also benefit from a constellation of small satellites that cater to the country’s military requirements. In comparison to heavy satellites, small satellites are easier to manufacture, handle and launch. Even though may take more time to send back images, high-resolution images are key to identifying and targetting possible threats. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-launches-cartosat-3-and-13-us-satellites-in-27-minutes/articleshow/72251725.cms">ISRO launches Cartosat-3 and 13 US satellites within 27 minutes</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isros-nsil-completes-second-successful-launch-using-pslv-rockets/articleshow/72474132.cms">ISRO's newly formed commercial arm completes second successful launch in less than a month</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-gsat-30-launch-explained-step-by-step/articleshow/73313054.cms">Play-by-play ISRO's GSAT-30 launch, from lift-off to reaching space</a>

Here's how ISRO's GISAT-1 satellite will add to India's space power

<ul><li>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has plans to launch its very first geo imaging satellite (GISAT 1) on March 5.</li><li>The satellite has five multispectral cameras capable of scanning the entire Indian subcontinent every 30 minutes.</li><li>However, the cameras are not capable of peering past clouds or other obstacles in the sky.</li></ul>A new first for the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is set to take place on March 5. Its plans to launch its very first Geo Imaging Satellite (GISAT 1) designed to enhance real-time observations of India. The satellite was originally scheduled to launch in 2017 aboard the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). However, the project was pushed back due to numerous delays. Now, GISAT 1 will be <a href="https://www.vssc.gov.in/VSSC/images/GSLV/LaunchesPlanned.pdf">launched</a> aboard India’s strongest rocket — the ‘Bahubali’ Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) — from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR in Sriharikota at 5:43 pm. 
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 Features of the GISAT 1 The aim of the GISAT 1 is to help monitor natural hazards using the 4-meter wide payload’s <a href="http://www.aprsaf.org/annual_meetings/aprsaf19/pdf/program/day3/5_CountryReport_Dr.Dadhwal.pdf">five multispectral cameras</a>. The cameras are capable of scanning the entire country every 30 minutes at a spatial resolution of 50 meters. However, if a specific area has been selected, the satellite can generate a field image every five minutes. 
	
 <div type="image" title="gisat1" msid="74311976" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;GISAT 1 preparing for launch&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>




 The main camera — 700mm Ritchey-Chretien telescope — is based on the design of the Cartosat 2 satellite. The remaining four cameras capture high-resolution multi-spectral and hyper-spectral images. However, unlike previous observation satellites, the cameras aren’t equipped to peer through the cloud cover. This means that they need a cloud-free sky in order to operate efficiently. 
 <div type="image" title="gisat2_edited" msid="74311987" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;GISAT 1 preparing for launch&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>



 According to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190103095037/https://nrsc.gov.in/sites/all/pdf/GISAT-UIM-3Jan2016_V3_Alok_2.pdf">ISRO</a>, the GISAT 1’s cameras are going to, “tap new functionalities hitherto not covered by existing LEO and GEO missions like fast revisit capabilities, real-time monitoring, high resolution multispectral and hyperspectral imaging — all on a single, agile, jitter-free platform.” The GISAT 1 weighs around 2227 kilos and will be placed in geostationary orbit by the GSLV F-10 at an altitude of 35,768 kilometres. After the successful launch of GISAT 1, ISRO plans to launch its twin satellite — the GISAT 2, which have the same specifications — in the near future. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/indias-new-rocket-will-let-isro-launch-satellites-month-on-month/articleshow/73892024.cms">India’s new rocket will let ISRO launch satellites month-on-month</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/chandrayaan-3-and-gaganyaan-top-priorities-for-isro-in-2020/articleshow/73063629.cms">India's second mission to land on the Moon, Chandrayaan 3, confirmed by ISRO chief</a>

ISRO's first geo imaging satellite can scan India every 30 minutes

<ul><li>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully launched the RISAT 2BR1 satellite and 9 commercial payloads abroad the PSLV C-48 today.</li><li>The newly formed commercial arm of ISRO, <keyword id="7904831" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="newspace-india-limited">NewSpace India Limited</keyword> (NSIL), has launched two sets of payloads in less than a month.</li><li>ISRO chief, K Sivan, credits the PSLV rocket for India's commercial success.</li></ul>NewSpace India Limited (NSIL) is busy hustling under the guidance of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). The newly formed company successfully launched 9 commercial satellite today alongside India's all-weather '<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-risat-2br1-spy-satellite-surveillance-along-borders/articleshow/72454280.cms">spy satellite</a>' — capable of taking high-resolution images of India's borders in darkness and through clouds. "PSLV C-48 successfully injected RISAT 2BR1 and nine customer satellites precisely into 576-kilometre orbit," said K Sivan during the post-launch press conference. 
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 This NSIL's second launch within less than a month. On 26 November, ISRO and NSIL launched 14 satellites — Cartosat-3 and 13 nano-satellites from the US. 
 And, Sivan gives all the credit to the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV), which just completed its 50th successful launch — making it the most experienced launch vehicle in India's arsenal. "The PSLV had five variants. It initially had the payload capability of 850 kilograms, it is now enhanced to 1.9 tonnes. The PSLV is versatile, which has various mission options," explained Sivan. PSLV has placed 52.7 tonnes of payloads — cargo carried by the rocket — into orbit over the past 26 years since its inception, and 17% of that mass was customer satellites. That's only set to grow with ISRO and NSIL's <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/isros-commercial-arm-launched-239-satellites-in-last-3-years-earned-6289-crore-govt/article28698093.ece">12 missions</a> lined up before March. "We have very many successes, and at the same time, we have a large number of missions to do," said Sivan. NSIL's predecessor, Antrix Corporation Limited, launched a lot of 239 satellite between 2016 to 2019 — earning <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/isros-commercial-arm-launched-239-satellites-in-last-3-years-earned-6289-crore-govt/article28698093.ece">total revenue</a> of ₹6,289. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-risat-2br1-spy-satellite-surveillance-along-borders/articleshow/72454280.cms">ISRO's all-weather 'spy satellite' will help India watch its borders closely</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-has-its-hands-full-with-13-launches-and-the-launch-of-its-new-rocket-before-march/articleshow/72253562.cms">ISRO has its 'hands full' with 13 launches and the test of its new rocket before March</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-plans-deep-sea-exploration-with-manned-submersible-by-2022/articleshow/71887408.cms">After reaching the moon, ISRO plans to dive 6,000 meters deep into the sea by 2022</a>

ISRO's newly formed commercial arm completes second successful launch in less than a month

<ul><li>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is launching its RISAT-2BR1 satellite tomorrow. </li><li>The satellite will be equipped with a X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). </li><li>The radar’s primary applications are “defence intelligence” and “homeland defence”. </li></ul>India will soon be able to protect its border better after its new ‘<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-plans-to-launch-its-latest-spy-satellite-on-december-11/articleshow/72433071.cms">spy satellite</a>’ — the RISAT-2BR1 — will be placed in orbit tomorrow. The all-weather radar imaging satellite is capable of taking sharp images from outer space even when it’s cloudy on Earth. The Indian Space Research Organisation (<a href="https://www.isro.gov.in/pslv-c48-risat-2br1/launch-kit-glance">ISRO</a>) claims that the satellite’s primary applications are agriculture, forestry and disaster management support. To be fair, that was the original intent of the RISAT series. But, after the 2008 Mumbai terror attacks, the RISAT 2 launch was fast-tracked over the RISAT 1 satellite for only <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-to-launch-spy-satellite-on-April-20/articleshow/4374544.cms?referral=PM">one reason</a> — its X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). According to the manufacturer of the radar, Israel Aerospace Industries (<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=8&amp;v=rHMfViorO1c&amp;feature=emb_logo">IAI</a>), the sensor’s main application is “defence intelligence” and “homeland defence”. The <a href="https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/risat-2b.htm">same radar</a> will be used by RISAT-2BR1, except this time, India’s built it at home. Keeping an eye on national borders The X-Band SAR’s capabilities of the RISAT-2BR1 can click images regardless of the weather — or the time of the day — cutting through clouds and darkness. Once it’s successfully placed in orbit, the satellite can send back high-resolution images focused on a specific area, or covering hundreds of kilometres. Combining electronic scans with mechanical manoeuvring, the satellite can be used to provide wide-area coverage without losing details. It has been designed to monitor India’s borders and flag any infiltration or terrorist operations for the next five years. ISRO plans to launch the satellite from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota tomorrow. The RISAT-2BR1 will be launched along with nine international satellites marking the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle’s (PSLV) 50th launch. The satellite weighs a little more than 600 kilograms and will be placed into orbit at a distance of 576 kilometers. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-has-its-hands-full-with-13-launches-and-the-launch-of-its-new-rocket-before-march/articleshow/72253562.cms">ISRO has its 'hands full' with 13 launches and the test of its new rocket before March</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-launches-cartosat-3-and-13-us-satellites-in-27-minutes/articleshow/72251725.cms">ISRO launches Cartosat-3 and 13 US satellites within 27 minutes</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-space-station-plan-by-isro-plans-k-sivan/articleshow/69775780.cms">India wants to set up its own space station to carry out experiments in microgravity</a>

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ISRO launches Cartosat-3 and 13 US satellites within 27 minutes

Prabhjote Gill

Here's how ISRO's GISAT-1 satellite will add to India's space power

Prabhjote Gill

ISRO's first geo imaging satellite can scan India every 30 minutes

Prabhjote Gill

ISRO's newly formed commercial arm completes second successful launch in less than a month

Prabhjote Gill

ISRO's all-weather ‘spy satellite’ will help India watch its borders closely

Prabhjote Gill