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As the United States is heading towards Presidential elections slated for 2016, immigration reform and visa issues have become one of the priorities for discussion.<br />
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While it is too soon to talk about matters that would dominate the 2016 elections but the two issues could come back to hurt Indian IT services companies this year. The US is the biggest market for the Indian IT services sector.<br />
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“This will be a bloody, contentious election and immigration reform is right up there for discussion. The displacement of US IT and back-office jobs will be a significant issue leading up to 2016,” Phil Fersht, founder and chief executive of HfS Research, told Economic Times.<br />
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ET reported that India's $146-billion IT outsourcing industry has been a beneficiary of the temporary US work visas that are required by skilled foreign workers to work in that country. The employees working at client locations in the US are issued H-1B visas, which have a cap of 65,000 a year.<br />
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In recent months, the US Congress has been considering bills that seek to triple the cap of H-1B visas to 1,95,000. However, there is already a growing discontent about the H-1B visa process among skilled workers in the US. They say visas are a way for big companies to hire cheaper foreign workers.<br />
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Recently, entertainment company Disney laid off 250 local employees and replaced them by H-1B visa holders. The layoffs have prompted some US Senators to call for investigations into the visa process used by the companies.<br />
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"US workers who have trained a temporary visa-holding replacement as a condition of their severance describe it as a profoundly humiliating experience. These workers see a direct connection between the US government's H-1B visa policies and their job loss, and they are furious," Patrick Thibodeau, senior editor at Computerworld, told ET.<br />
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The US workers see this as a case of foreign workers on temporary visas replacing citizens and permanent residents and not as an India-specific issue, he further told the financial daily. <br />
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(Image: Indiatimes)<br />

Know why H1-B visa issues will continue to haunt Indians as US gets into election mode

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Reuters</span></p><p class="caption">Huawei founder Ren Zhengfei attends a panel discussion at the company headquarters in Shenzhen</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul class="summary-list"><li>A US trade ban announced in May will block Chinese tech giant <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/huawei">Huawei</a> from working with US companies, a move that will require the firm to re-think how it develops and sells its products.</li><li>When Chinese telecom firm ZTE was blacklisted last year, it nearly went out of business. Some experts say Huawei is at risk of facing a similar situation.</li><li>Although the long-term ramifications are uncertain, some analysts say the ban will jeopardize the company's presence in critical overseas markets and could heighten tensions between US and Chinese companies.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/">Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories.</a></li></ul><p>Things just keep getting worse for Huawei.</p><p>Before last month, Huawei's place in the technology industry was defined by its ascent to become <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/huawei-surpasses-apple-as-second-largest-smartphone-maker-2019-5">the world's second-largest smartphone maker</a> and its sizeable presence in the telecom equipment market.</p><p>But now, the Chinese tech behemoth's future is uncertain as it grapples with the repercussions of being blacklisted in the United States over national security concerns - a move that will require the company to re-evaluate how it builds its products and conducts business.</p><p>Company founder and chief executive Ren Zhengfei said on Monday that its smartphone sales outside of China <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/huawei-forecasts-40-dive-in-smartphone-sales-after-us-blacklisting-2019-6">have dropped by 40%</a> and that Huawei's revenue over the next two years could take a $30 billion hit.</p><p>It has also <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/huawei-scraps-release-of-a-laptop-because-of-us-ban-2019-6">scrapped the launch</a> of its new MateBook laptop as a result of the trade ban and has <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/huawei-delays-mate-x-to-avoid-samsung-foldable-phone-fiasco-2019-6">delayed the release of its foldable Mate X</a> smartphone. (That delay, however, was attributed to the company's decision to conduct additional testing after the issues that plagued <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/samsung-galaxy-fold-mess-explained-2019-4">Samsung's Galaxy Fold</a>.) </p><p>While the long-term impacts on Huawei's business are unclear, experts agree that the path forward will be a difficult one. The company could lose the majority of its overseas market share, and the debacle could result in heightened tensions between US and Chinese companies.  </p><h2>In a nightmare scenario, Huawei could end up like ZTE</h2><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>REUTERS/Sergio Perez</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>When asked what a worst-case scenario could look like for Huawei, Patrick Moorhead, principal analyst for technology advisory firm Moor Insights &amp; Strategy, drew a comparison to another Chinese tech giant: ZTE.</p><p>Like Huawei, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/huawei-us-ban-similar-to-zte-us-ban-2019-5">ZTE was banned</a> from purchasing components from US companies last year, a restriction that almost put the company out of business. ZTE was barred from working with US firms in 2018 for violating sanctions on Iran and North Korea, and it <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-05-10/china-s-zte-ceases-major-operations-after-u-s-trade-ban">suspended all major operations</a> last May before the ban was lifted in July. </p><p>The ban nearly caused the company to collapse, and Moorhead said Huawei could find itself in a similar situation because it relies on US companies for so many parts of its business.</p><p>Processors from Intel power Huawei's laptops, while software from Microsoft and Google drive its mobile devices and laptops. Broadcom's semiconductors are used in Huawei's telecommunications gear. Firms like Skyworks and Qorvo provide components that power its smartphones.</p><p>Moorhead estimates that if the company were to go out of business in a worst case scenario, it could run out of inventory in as little as 90 to 120 days.</p><p><em><strong>Read more: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/broadcom-cuts-annual-revenue-2-billion-following-trump-huawei-ban-2019-6">A California-based chip company just took a $2 billion hit following Trump's Huawei ban</a></strong></em></p><p>Otherwise, Huawei could see a major dip in its mobile market share outside of China. Losing Google's popular Android platform, which <a href="https://www.idc.com/promo/smartphone-market-share/os">powers 86.7% of smartphones worldwide</a> and supports millions of apps, will make it very difficult for Huawei to convince consumers to purchase its mobile devices.</p><p>The firm is readying its own operating system to replace Android, but the smartphone market is essentially a two-horse race between iOS and Android. Other entrants that have tried to challenge Apple's and Google's dominance have failed in the past.</p><p>Take Microsoft for example, which <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/microsoft-windows-phone-81-support-ends-2017-7">abandoned its mobile phone platform</a> in 2017 after it failed to catch up to iOS and Android. That example alone leaves analysts skeptical that Huawei will be able to succeed with its own homegrown smartphone software, which will <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/huawei-trademarking-and-testing-hongmeng-operating-system-2019-6">reportedly be called Hongmeng OS.</a></p><p>"If it's the worst-case scenario, Huawei will lose most of its overseas market share," said Mo Jia, an analyst at market research firm Canalys. Jia estimated that in a hypothetical situation under the most dire circumstances, Huawei could see its overseas market share drop by as much as 70%.</p><p>Although Huawei's biggest audience is in the Greater China region, where it claimed roughly 33% of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/google-cuts-ties-with-huawei-us-ban-where-phones-are-popular-chart-2019-5">smartphone shipments in the first quarter of 2019</a> according to Canalys, the Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA) region and Latin America are also critical markets. Huawei products accounted for 23.3% of mobile device shipments in the EMEA region during that same period, and 19% of smartphone shipments in Latin America. </p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Shayanne Gal/Business Insider</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>It's not just about the fact that Huawei will no longer have access to Google's massive app store and widely-used services. Because its mobile devices will no longer be part of the Android ecosystem, it's unclear exactly how often they'll be updated. </p><p>"It's going to be very challenging for Huawei to persuade consumers to choose its products because they don't feel stable," Jia said. </p><p>In a comment provided to Business Insider, Huawei said it has reduced its reliance on a single country or supplier in order to continue business "despite any issues we face." Below is the full statement from a Huawei spokesperson:</p><h2>The ban could heighten tensions between US and Chinese companies</h2><p>Regardless of how things turn out for Huawei, the situation will likely have far-reaching impacts on the way companies in the US and China work with one another.</p><p>Companies are more likely to reassess their approach to the market given the US government's conflict with Huawei, Moorhead said. A Chinese company, for example, may choose to expand its product offerings in the US at a slower pace than initially planned, and vice versa.</p><p>"I do think it makes companies pause and re-think how they will enter China," said Moorhead. "And if you're a Chinese company, how [you] would enter the US."</p><p>The ban is more than just a blow to Huawei's business. It represents a broader conflict according to Frank Gillett, a vice president and principal analyst at market research firm Forrester. </p><p><em><strong>Read more: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-says-facebook-google-amazon-colluded-with-democrats-2019-6">Trump says tech giants like Facebook, Google, and Amazon 'discriminate against' him and colluded with Democrats during his election run</a></strong></em></p><p>The trade ban that the Trump administration has implemented against Huawei stems from concerns that the company's technology can be used to provide a backdoor to the Chinese government, allegations that the tech juggernaut has repeatedly denied. But Chinese national security and espionage laws have raised concerns over whether the company - or any Chinese tech firm - would have a choice in the matter.</p><p>Two pieces of legislation, the National Intelligence Law and the Counter-Espionage Law,  could require Chinese tech firms to hand over data to the government to assist with "intelligence work," as <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/03/05/huawei-would-have-to-give-data-to-china-government-if-asked-experts.html">CNBC</a> notes. Plus, the Chinese government is known to play a prominent role in the economy, especially when it comes to technology firms, many of which <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/02/tech/china-tech-communist-party/index.html">have implemented</a> <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/6bc839c0-ace6-11e7-aab9-abaa44b1e130">Communist party committees</a> in recent years. </p><p>"Huawei is just a big symbolic target to the larger issue of fundamentally whether companies and governments think they can trust products built in China," Gillett said. </p><h2>Huawei's advantages</h2><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Reuters</span></p><p class="caption">A Huawei company logo is seen at CES Asia 2019 in Shanghai</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>Despite all the controversy surrounding Huawei, the company does have assets working in its favor that could prevent a worst-case scenario.</p><p>Huawei charges far less for telecommunications equipment than its competitors, making it a compelling option regardless of ongoing trade conflict and security concerns.</p><p>Huawei accounted for 29% of the telecom equipment market in 2018 according to <a href="http://www.delloro.com/delloro-group/telecom-equipment-market-2018">Dell'Oro Group</a>, which specializes in the analysis of the telecom and data center information technology industries.</p><p>"The issue is, they're very cheap and they're very effective," said Oliver O'Donoghue, a vice president at market research firm HfS Research. "So it's kind of a catch-22 situation where I think organizations would like to be using a different kit, but they can't. It's too expensive."</p><p>While <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/huawei-how-allies-are-reacting-to-us-calls-to-avoid-the-tech-firm-2019-2?r=US&amp;IR=T">countries such as</a> Japan, New Zealand, and Australia have blocked Huawei's technology, other areas of the world are continuing to use the firm's products or have not yet taken a clear stance. In April, before the US trade ban was announced, the <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/a7f5eba4-5d02-11e9-9dde-7aedca0a081a">Financial Times</a> reported that Huawei would not be excluded from Germany's plans to build out 5G networks, for example. The United Arab Emirates and India also have plans to work with Huawei on network infrastructure, according to <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/india-a-pivotal-internet-market-isnt-buying-u-s-campaign-against-huawei-11550762080">reports</a> <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/gulf-state-eying-china-largesse-rebuffs-u-s-on-huawei-11551184264">from </a>The Wall Street Journal published in February.</p><p>Given Huawei's massive global footprint and its reputation as being one of China's largest tech players, it's also unlikely that the Chinese government will let the company deteriorate.</p><p>"I have confidence that Huawei will survive in one form or another, given the way the Chinese government and economy are intertwined," Gillett said. "The question is what form it takes in the short run and in the long run."</p><p>If Huawei does manage to continue producing phones without US parts, it will likely continue to have a large following in the Greater China region, a market in which Huawei already has a big following and where Google's services are blocked.</p><p>"Of course the government will like it and the consumers [in China] wouldn't feel uncomfortable using Huawei's operating system," Jia said. "They don't use Google Search; they don't use Google Maps." </p><p>All told, the long-term ramifications of Huawei's blacklisting are unclear, and will likely remain that way for a while. Because global supply chains are very complex and often involve many different companies, there's no definitive way to tell precisely where and how Huawei or its partners will be impacted. </p><p>But if one thing is for certain, it's that nothing will be the same for Huawei and the industry as a whole moving forward in 2020 and beyond.</p><p>"I don't think they can go back to before Trump," Gillett said. "I think it's finding a new reality. And I think it's up to the incumbent to the US and the Chinese government to work out something new, because it's in the interest of both parties to figure something out." </p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/review-1099-iphone-xs-max-google-479-pixel-3a-xl-2019-5">I switched from the $1,099 iPhone XS Max to the $479 Pixel 3a XL - and I didn't miss much</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

Huawei's future is in peril as its problems mount in wake of US crackdown

It seems CEO <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=vishal+sikka">Vishal </a><a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=vishal+sikka">Sikka</a>’s Midas touch has worked for <keyword id="6354512" type="CITY" weightage="100" keywordseo="Infosys">Infosys</keyword>. After posting disastrous quarterly results previously, Infosys has put up a brilliant show this time around and for the first time in two years, it has also trumped rival Tata Consultancy Services (TCS).<br />
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India's second-largest software company<a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=infosys">, Infosys</a>, has posted a strong revenue growth in the first quarter of fiscal 2016 at 4.5%. This was Infosys’ fastest quarterly <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=quarterly+report">revenue</a> growth in three years ar $476 million.<br />
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Sikka termed it as a great quarter, during a news conference, and said, “We are still early in our journey towards becoming a next-generation services company. However, this quarter gives us something to smile about and good reason to be confident.”<br />
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Shares of Infosys soared by 11.5% to close at Rs 1,116.35 on the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=national+stock+exchange">National Stock Exchange.</a> For the April-June quarter, Infosys registered a net profit of $476 million, compared to $482 million a year ago. Revenue jumped to $2.26 billion.<br />
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As experts believe that cloud computing and advancements in areas like automation and data analytics worked for Infosys, here are 6 things that worked in favour of Infosys and gave it a good opening.<br />
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<strong>Renew and new:</strong> Vishal Sikka’s strategy has begun to pay off. In a bid to make Infosys the next generation services company, Sikka believes that there should be a balance between ‘renew and new’. Companies are finding a balance between traditional bread-and-butter services which bring in the revenue while adjusting to handle changes brought on by advanced technologies and new business models.<br />
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<strong>More power to top management team</strong>: Sikka, who joined Infosys last August, strengthened the top management team by employing a number of high-profile former SAP colleagues. He also carried out internal overhaul, including large-scale re-skilling of employees. Managing Director of HfS Research, Tom Reuner, told Economic Times that customer wins such as a large order from Deutsche Bank appear to indicate progress with sales execution. “Employee morale is also better due to strategic vision of altering perception of Infosys as an innovator by focusing on automation,” he said.<br />
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<strong>Acquisitions and investments</strong>: Infosys had invested $1.4 million (Rs 9 crore) from its $500-million innovation fund to pick up a minority stake in ANSR Consulting. The company also invested in next-generation startups. During the quarter, the company signed six large deals worth $688 million. Annual business from Infosys' largest customer <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Bank+of+America">Bank of America</a> also topped $300 million.<br />
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<strong>Solid execution</strong>: Bourgeois, head of research at DeepDive Equity Research, told ET that Infosys' performance was due to solid execution and new strategies. Infosys' brilliant performance was also triggered by strong growth from its largest market North America, and from verticals such as manufacturing and retail.<br />
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<strong>Protecting margins:</strong> The latest quarter also marked a shift from Infosys's earlier strategy of protecting margins at all costs, with the company showing signs of pursuing growth at the cost of margins. Operating margin during the quarter fell to 24% from 25.7% in the previous quarter.<br />
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<strong>Promotions:</strong> Infosys promoted more than 2,600 employees and executives across the company and raised its overall variable payout in the June quarter after turning in one of its best quarterly performances in five years. Attrition rates, which have been a continuous headache for Infosys over the past few years, fell to 14.2% from 23.4% last year on a quarterly annualized basis.<br />
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“The company should comfortably achieve its target of revenue productivity of $80,000 per employee by 2020, but that margin target of 30% maybe more difficult to get,” said Sikka.<br />
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Last year, Infosys elevated nearly 14,000 employees and executives and got more selective about handing out promotions and are only rewarding top performers.<br />

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