- While you should be as prepared as possible for a
job interview , researchers have found certain psychological tricks could give you an extra boost. - Holding your hands open makes you seem sincere, while wearing red signals power.
- Here are other psychological tricks you can play on interviewers to help you land the job.
Interviewers are people just like you.
That means they're susceptible to the same psychological preferences and $4 that affect the rest of us. Simple tweaks to the way you speak and hold yourself can make you seem much $4, $4, and hirable in their eyes.
Read more: $4
With that in mind, we rounded up a list of easy strategies to forge a connection with your interviewer and boost your chances of landing the job.
Here are 25 psychological tricks to ace your next job interview:
Schedule your interview around 10:30 a.m. on a Tuesday.
$4, the "best" time to arrange an interview is the time that's best for the interviewer — not the time that's best for you.
So if the hiring manager offers you some flexibility in choosing an interview time, ask if you could come in around 10:30 a.m. on a Tuesday. That's likely when your interviewer is relatively relaxed.
In general, you should avoid early-morning meetings because your interviewer may still be preoccupied with everything they need to get done that day. You'll also want to avoid being the last meeting of the workday, as your interviewer may already be thinking about what they need to accomplish at home.
Don't interview on the same day as the strongest candidates.
Research suggests that interviewers base their evaluations of individual candidates on who else they've interviewed that day.
$4, from researchers at the University of Pennsylvania and Harvard University, found that applicants who interviewed at the end of a day after a series of strong candidates were rated lower than expected. On the other hand, those who interviewed after a series of weak candidates were rated higher than expected.
It's not clear whether this is an unconscious phenomenon, or whether interviewers are consciously rating the last candidates higher or lower than they should because they don't want their supervisors to think they're giving everyone the same ratings.
Either way, if you have any knowledge of who else is interviewing and when, choose to come in after comparatively unqualified candidates.
Match the color of your outfit to the image you want to project.
A $4 of hiring managers and human-resources professionals found that different clothing colors convey distinct impressions.
Twenty-three percent of interviewers recommended wearing blue, which suggests that the candidate is a team player, while 15% recommended black, which suggests leadership potential.
Meanwhile, 25% said orange is the worst color to wear, and suggests that the candidate is unprofessional.
Here's what other colors indicate:
Gray: logical/analytical
White: organized
Brown: dependable
Red: powerful
Tailor your answers to the interviewer's age.
You can learn a lot (but not everything) about your interviewer and what they want to hear based on their $4.
In their book "$4," John B. Molidor, Ph.D., and Barbara Parus write that you should conduct yourself a little differently based on which generation your interviewer belongs to. Here's their breakdown:
Generation Y interviewers (between 20 and 30): Bring along visual samples of your
Generation X interviewers (between 30 and 50): Emphasize your creativity and mention how work/life balance contributes to your success.
Baby Boomer interviewers (between 50 and 70): Show that you work hard and demonstrate respect for what they've achieved.
Silent Generation interviewers (between 70 and 90): Mention your loyalty and commitment to previous
Hold your palms open or steeple your hands.
According to Molidor and Parus, $4 contribute to the impression you convey in a job interview.
Showing your palms generally indicates sincerity, while pressing the fingertips of your hands together to form a church steeple indicates confidence.
On the other hand, you don't want to hold your palms downward, which is a sign of dominance. You'll also want to avoid concealing your hands, which looks like you have something to hide; tapping your fingers, which shows impatience; folding your arms, which indicates disappointment; and overusing hand gestures, which can be distracting.
Find something in common with your interviewer.
According to the "$4," we tend to like people who share similar attitudes.
So if you know your interviewer really values community service and you do, too, try to work that topic into your conversation.
Mirror the interviewer's body language.
The "$4" is a psychological phenomenon that describes how people tend to like each other more when they're exhibiting similar body language.
$4 that, ideally, it should look like you're "dancing" with the other person. Otherwise it can seem like you're not interested in what they're saying, you're not a team player, or even that you're lying.
So if your interviewer is leaning forward in his chair and putting his hands on the table, feel free to do the same. Chances are he won't notice that you're copying him.
Compliment the interviewer and the organization without self-promoting.
$4, led by researchers at the University of Washington and the University of Florida and $4, researchers found that students who ingratiated themselves with their interviewers, without coming across as self-promotional, were more likely to be recommended for the job. That's likely because those students seemed like a better fit for the company.
Specifically, the students who ingratiated themselves praised the organization and indicated their enthusiasm for working there, and complimented the interviewer. They didn't play up the value of positive events they took credit for or take credit for positive events even if they weren't solely responsible.
Show confidence and deference simultaneously.
Success in business is often a matter of competing and cooperating, say Adam Galinsky and Maurice Schweitzer, the business professors who wrote the book "$4."
$4, that means showing deference to your interviewer, while also demonstrating self-confidence. One way to do that is to say something like, "I love your work on [whatever area]. It reminds me of my work on [whatever area]."
You're confident in that you're taking the initiative to guide the conversation, but also deferential in that you're admiring your interviewer's work.
Be candid about your weaknesses.
In answering the question "$4" your initial impulse might be to craft a strategic response that really emphasizes your strengths. For example, you might say, "I'm such a perfectionist" or "I work too hard."
But $4 from Harvard Business School suggests that "humblebragging," or boasting concealed by a complaint, $4. It's wiser to say something genuine like, "I'm not always the best at staying organized," which sounds more honest, and could make your interviewer more inclined to recommend you for the position.
Interestingly, a $4 by a pair of Brown University researchers found that general bragging is more useful in certain contexts than in others. When you boast about how responsible you are, for example, and there's no evidence to suggest that you're not, you seem more competent.
If, however, your recommendation from your last manager indicates clearly that you're irresponsible, you'll seem less competent for having bragged.
Prime yourself to feel powerful.
A growing body of research suggests that you can easily make yourself feel and appear more powerful in business situations.
$4, from New York University and Columbia University, participants who wrote about a time when they held power over other people were more likely to be cited as influential during a group-work task — and that impression remained even two days later. You can employ the same
Speak expressively.
If you want to $4, avoid speaking in monotone.
According to Leonard Mlodinow, author of "$4":
"If two speakers utter exactly the same words, but one speaks a little faster and louder and with fewer pauses and greater variation in volume, that speaker will be judged to be more energetic, knowledgeable, and intelligent.
"Expressive speech, with modulation in pitch and volume, and a minimum of noticeable pauses, boosts credibility and enhances the impression of intelligence."
$4, Geoffrey James suggests that you "slow down and speed up depending upon the importance of what you're communicating at the time. If you're summarizing or going over background, speak more quickly than when you're providing new information. When you're introducing an important concept, slow down to give listeners time to absorb it."
Slow down.
Harvard Business School professor and social psychologist Amy Cuddy has one key piece of advice for job interviews: $4.
Cuddy said that slowing down allows the interview candidate can seem more powerful, and it gives them more time to closely consider how they'll answer a question. She also said that it signals "that you feel comfortable, that you deserve to be there, that you respect this interaction, that you're engaged, and that you're interested."
Make eye contact when you first meet your interviewer.
Don't be bashful — when your interviewer comes to greet you, $4.
$4, a pair of Northeastern University researchers asked participants to watch videos of strangers talking to each other for the first time and then rate how intelligent each person seemed. Results showed that the people who consistently made eye contact while speaking were considered more intelligent than those who didn't make eye contact.
Be friendly and assertive at the same time.
$4, from the University of Guelph, in Canada, sought to address the reasons why candidates who seem anxious are less likely to land the job.
Turns out, at least in mock interviews, not nervous tics>$4 like fidgeting that hurt your chances. Rather, it could be that being anxious makes you seem less warm and assertive, and makes you speak slowly.
"If you're not naturally extroverted, you need to make sure you sell your skills," study coauthor Deborah M. Powell $4. "Don't be afraid to take ownership of your contribution to a project."
Powell told Forbes that slow talking hurt candidates' chances because interviewers may have assumed that the candidates were having a hard time answering their questions.
Showcase your potential.
You might be tempted to tell your interviewer all about your past accomplishments — but research suggests you should focus more on what you could do in the future, if the organization hires you.
$4, from Stanford University and Harvard Business School, participants received information about a hypothetical job applicant. Some participants learned that the applicant had two years of experience and had received a high score on a test of leadership achievement; others learned that the candidate had no experience and had received a high score on a test of leadership potential.
Results showed that participants thought the candidate would be more successful when they learned he had great potential.
$4, our brains pay more attention to uncertain information because they want to unlock it. That means we end up spending more time analyzing that information and, if the information is positive, we're left with a more favorable view of a person's competence.
Prepare for uncomfortable questions.
The Harvard Business Review $4author of "$4" and he recommended that candidates prepare just as well for questions they'd rather not answer.
Here's a snippet from the HBR article:
"Let's say you were laid off. You can say something like: 'Like hundreds of other people, I lost my role when the company downsized. But that gave me a chance to look at the skills I've developed and identify new areas of growth.' Shift your answer from the past to the present and keep the conversation in a comfortable place."
Don't smile too much.
There's no need to scowl at your interviewer — but you'll also want to avoid keeping a giant grin plastered across your face. Research suggests that, for certain professions, smiling too much can undermine your success in a job interview.
$4, from the Department of Veterans Affairs, Northeastern University, and the University of Lausanne, researchers asked college students to role-play job interviews. They found that students who played candidates for the position of newspaper reporter, manager, and research assistant were less likely to get the hypothetical job when they smiled — especially during the middle of the interviews.
Another part of the study found that people expect job candidates to smile more when they're applying for a position like consumer representative or salesperson.
Be enthusiastic.
As Jonathan Golding and Anne Lipert point out $4, a number of studies have found that candidates who project energy and excitement are generally more likely to get the job.
They write: "In particular, candidates with higher affect, energy level, and pitch and amplitude variability are significantly more likely to be invited back for a second interview than applicants who demonstrate lower affect, energy level, and pitch and amplitude variability."
Don't discount the pre-interview small talk.
$4 that seemingly idle chitchat before the interview really gets started — what psychologists call "rapport building" — can make a big impact on the interviewer's impression of you.
$4, led by researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology, Texas A&M University, and Texas Christian University, candidates who did a good job making small talk in mock interviews received higher ratings on the job-related questions than candidates who were less adept at chit-chatting, meaning the interviewers' first impressions had colored their overall impressions.
Go off-script.
That's a suggestion from professors at the Ohio State University and the Kellogg School of Management. Writing in $4, they say that the interviewer and the interviewee are often following "preprogrammed scripts," with both focusing on the candidate's resume.
That's why they advise candidates to pause after the interviewer asks a question, instead of launching into a rote response. They recommend that the candidate "listen for and reuse a few key words from the interviewer's question in your own answer to signal that you're building on the interviewer's statement."
The professors continue:
"One of our managers shared another technique he used to disrupt the script by stating, 'Let me tell you what's not on my resume.' That got the interviewer's attention, since the interviewer stopped mindlessly looking at the resume."
Ask the interviewer why they brought you in.
"Why did you invite me to interview today?" might seem like a pretty weird question. But $4, it works. Specifically, it draws the interviewer's attention to your strengths and to the reasons they like you.
"You will have focused those evaluators on the positive features, the strongest elements of your case," Cialdini told Business Insider. "With that in mind, they will now be in a mindset to see you in a positive light."
Start the interview by showcasing your likability.
If you want to leave a lasting impression, start the interview strong, says psychologist Daniel Kahneman, author of "$4."
Humans have a tendency to assess other peoples' traits based on early emotional impressions, writes $4. For instance, Kahneman asks: What do you think of Alan and Ben?
- Alan is intelligent, industrious, impulsive, critical, stubborn, and envious.
- Ben is envious, stubborn, critical, impulsive, industrious, and intelligent.
Both of them have the same traits, but in different order. Yet still most people view Alan more favorably because his positive traits came before the negative ones.
In fact, even though both of them are intelligent, most people view Ben's intelligence as dangerous due to his enviousness showcased early.
Next time you're in an interview, Kahneman says to focus on your likeability first, and then get to your more serious qualifications.
Talk about effort rather than success.
Many job interview candidates may feel the need to boast every career win they can think of. Yet a 2018 report in the journal Basic and Applied
"When I asked you how you have accomplished so much in your career, you can say, 'I'm talented,' or you can say, 'I struggled and worked really hard.' The latter is a sign of effort, which is liked by others," Janina Steinmetz, author of the study, told $4. "Effort conveys warmth, likability, and is relatable. Talent conveys competence and ability."
Say thank you.
While $4 may not be necessary to land a job, they certainly help.
Research shows many interviewers could underestimate the importance of saying thank you. A $4 published in SAGE Journals asked participants to write thank you letters, and predict how surprised, happy, and awkward the recipient would feel after getting them.
The study found many people who send thank you notes overestimate how awkward recipients feel, and underestimated how happy they would be.
"Underestimating the value of prosocial actions, such as expressing gratitude, may keep people from engaging in behavior that would maximize their own—and others'—well-being," Amit Kumar and Nicholas Epley, the authors of the report, $4.