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Saudi Arabia's national debt is about to surge

Nov 10, 2015, 12:59 IST

Owner of Saudi Arabia's Kingdom Holding, billionaire Prince Alwaleed bin Talal attends the traditional Saudi dance known as 'Arda', which was performed during Janadriya culture festival at Der'iya in RiyadhThomson Reuters

Saudi Arabia will tap up international creditors to plug gaps in its public finances left by low oil prices, according to a report in the Financial Times.

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The country's debt could rocket to as much as 50% of GDP by 2020, from 6.7% this year, the report said.

It's not great timing.

The country's sovereign credit ratings were cut to "A+/A-1" from "AA-/A-1+" by the credit-rating company Standard and Poor's earlier this month.

In a release, S&P said a "pronounced negative swing" in Saudi Arabia's fiscal balance prompted the downgrade.

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Over the 10 years that ended in 2013, S&P noted that Saudi Arabia's budget surpluses - or money available after all government expenses had been met - averaged about 13% of gross domestic product. This situation, however, has changed rapidly as the price of oil has crashed, and in 2015 Saudi Arabia is expected to see a budget deficit equal to 16% of GDP.

The country has been hit by low oil prices. The OPEC oil-producing cartel, of which Saudi Arabia is a key member, decided against cutting production targets last year, letting the price fall from around $100 to less than $50.

The policy is aimed at forcing weaker, less efficient oil-producers out of the market by slashing their profit margins.

Khalid al-Falih, the chairman of Saudi Aramco, the state's oil company, told the Financial Times: "We knew that it was going to be painful but the extent of the pain went beyond our expectations."

Here's the Brent crude oil price, a benchmark for oil, over the past two years:

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