Varadhan was the last man standing when his two securities division coheads, Pablo Salame and Isabelle Ealet, stepped down earlier this year.
He now joins forces with Esposito and Chavez to lead the division.
Varadhan joined Goldman Sachs in swaps trading in 1998, making managing director two years later and partner two years after that. At the time, he was just 29, making him one of Goldman Sach's youngest-ever partners.
He held roles across rates, currencies, emerging markets, and commodities before becoming global head of macro trading in 2012. He became cohead of securities in 2014.
His father, Srinivasa S. R. Varadhan, is a prize-winning mathematician who was recently awarded an honorary degree from Duke University. In college Varadhan was head manager of Duke University's men's basketball team.