After typing in my transfer amount, Wealthfront said I'd been sent a confirmation email. I logged into my email account and, sure enough, the email was sitting in my inbox just as they said. I clicked on the confirmation link
Then Wealthfront said that my work was done! Now I just had to wait on the transfer to go through. Most transfers go through within one business day, but I'd be notified when the transfer was complete.
Total time spent creating my account and initiating the bank transfer: eight minutes.