Juul used 'relaxation, freedom, and sex appeal' to market its e-cigs on Twitter and Instagram - and had major success, according to a recent study
- A Silicon Valley e-cig startup called Juul has surged in popularity, amassing 70% of the e-cig market.
- The company was recently valued at $15 billion, but faces a growing backlash from public health experts and scientists who worry about its popularity among young people.
- Juul maintains that its products are for adult smokers who want to move away from traditional cigarettes.
- A recent study reveals that Juul stood out from other e-cig companies by marketing its devices on social media platforms like Twitter, YouTube, and Instagram.
- That marketing campaign was a big success, the study suggests, with Juul's social media activities being "highly correlated" with sales.
One big question about the booming Silicon Valley e-cigarette startup Juul is whether the company deliberately marketed its products to teens.
Juul has said that its sleek vaping devices are intended for adults trying to quit smoking traditional cigarettes, and that its marketing has had little impact on its sales. But a recent study raises some questions. It suggests that Juul's social media ads - which were posted across platforms popular with young people including YouTube, Twitter, and Instagram - were a runaway success.
Public health experts, scientists, and the Food and Drug Administration have been targeting vaping companies in recent months after dozens of reports surfaced which suggested they were encouraging more young people to both vape and smoke. A handful of researchers has said that a combination of the company's marketing efforts and product offerings - such as slick designs and sweet flavors - are intended to hook young people on nicotine.
The researchers behind the paper, published this summer in the journal Tobacco Control, concluded that Juul stood out from other e-cig brands by advertising predominantly on social media, as opposed to in other places like on billboards or in magazines. And the campaign took off, according to the researchers, who wrote that sales of the flash-drive-style devices were "highly correlated" with its social media posts.
The social media campaign had another added benefit: it was cheaper than traditional marketing strategies, the researchers suggest.
The social media blitz wasn't all directly from Juul, however - further complicating any clean-up efforts designed to help scale back the products' allure among teens. Several other corporate social media accounts besides Juul's official platforms heavily promoted Juul products.
The overall impact was significant, the researchers concluded.
"Targeted cross-platform social media campaigns, although they cost little, can have substantial influence on people's attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors related to these products," they wrote.
'Taking advantage of the reach and accessibility of these platforms'
Jidong Huang, an associate professor of health management and policy at Georgia State University and lead author of the study, told the Washington Times over the summer that he felt the company's use of social media was a deliberate attempt to target young people.
Juul is "taking advantage of the reach and accessibility of these platforms to target youth and young adults," Huang said, adding, "basically everybody can see their product because there are no restrictions."
Juul has been adamant in stating that its devices are not intended for young people. The company did not respond to Business Insider's request for comment.
Many social media users, however, are young people. On Twitter, more than a quarter of users are under 18, according to a Pew survey. That platform has been particularly lucrative for Juul, according to the researchers. YouTube meanwhile is is the single most recognized content brand among kids aged 12-15, a 2017 report concluded. To that end, a Juul spokesperson told Business Insider in July that the company had worked with Instagram to remove several accounts and thousands of posts that were inappropriately targeting youth.
But before then, a handful of social media accounts - including Juul's official platforms - attracted the attention of thousands. And that attention appears to have had strong links to sales of Juul's products, the authors wrote.
In particular, the researchers found that the number of Juul-related tweets - most of which were posted last year - was "highly correlated" with the company's quarterly retail sales, which they tracked using data from market research company Nielsen. That said, correlation isn't necessarily causation. The researchers couldn't say that the tweets necessarily led to the sales, only that the two were linked.
"The growth trend in Juul tweets noticeably tracks well [with] the growth in Juul retail sales," the researchers wrote.
The relationship between Juul-related tweets and Juul sales was so strong, the authors found, that "the number of tweets alone accounted for 93% of the variation in Juul sales in retail stores." Put another way, the amount of Juul tweets could be used to roughly predict how many Juuls would be sold at any given time.
'When you look at the flavoring names, one has to wonder'
At the time, those flavors included options like "Fruit Medley," "Cool Cucumber," and "Creme Brulee."
Several researchers have said that sweet, candy-like flavors are part of what makes e-cigs attractive to teens.
"Most scientists believe flavorings are used to target teenagers into becoming users," Ana Rule, a professor of environmental health and engineering at Johns Hopkins University, told Business Insider this summer.
"There are of course many other factors such as marketing and peer-pressure, but when you look at the flavoring names, one has to wonder."
With that in mind, the city of San Francisco also recently voted to ban all flavored tobacco products. And on Thursday, Altria announced that it was pulling two of its e-cig products and eliminating all of its flavor offerings except tobacco and menthol until "the current situation with youth use," is resolved.
Earlier this year, Juul changed the names of its flavor offerings. "Cool Cucumber," for example, is now simply "Cucumber;" "Creme Brulee" is now "Creme;" and "Fruit Medley" is now "Fruit."
EonSmoke: The most-followed account for Juul products
Importantly, the new study found that the social media blitz wasn't all Juul's direct doing. Beyond Juul's own Instagram account, at least seven other accounts that promoted the Juul collectively amassed more than a quarter million followers on the platform, the authors wrote. And despite Juul's preventive actions over the summer, many of those accounts remain active in one form or another, Business Insider found.
Online e-cig retailer EonSmoke was the creator of one of the accounts, called "@Doit4Juul."
The account asked followers to share selfies, photos, and videos documenting themselves using Juul devices. And share they did. Images included youngsters jamming as many Juuls as they could in their mouths at once and then blowing out massive plumes of vapor; children openly using Juul devices in classrooms; and kids sharing tips on how to sneak the devices into school by encasing them in the bodies of Sharpie pens.
"This campaign proved highly successful," the researchers wrote, noting that the account amassed close to 82,000 followers and quickly became the most-followed account featuring Juul products on Instagram as of February 2018.
Over the summer, Juul worked with Instagram to remove the account, along with at least two others.
But although the official account is gone, the #Doit4Juul hashtag remains active. Several similar accounts have also sprung up in recent months across the platform, including one called "Doingit4Juul" which shows several youngsters in braces and even in classrooms using the devices.
Using the "#" symbol, anyone with an Instagram account can post to the series. At present, roughly 7,000 posts exist under the #Doit4Juul label alone. One of them features a young boy in a colorful shirt with a gold plastic crown on his head inhaling the vapor of two Juuls at once, then blowing out a large cloud.
"These kids doing this sh*t," the post's caption reads.